Aetna is a Sicilian nymph from Greek and Roman mythology, renowned for her divine nature and association with Mount Etna. Various sources cite her as a daughter of Uranus, Gaia, Briareus, or Oceanus, reflecting the multiplicity of her origins. As an arbiter between deities and mother of the Palici, her legacy is immortalised through the volcanic forces of Sicily.

Aetna (nymph)

Aker is an ancient Egyptian deity personifying the horizon. He serves as a guardian of the eastern and western horizons, bridging the realms of the living and the dead. His dual nature embodies both earthly strength and underworld mystery.

Aker (deity)

Allani is the Hurrian goddess of the underworld, also known as Allatu or Allatum. She is associated with fate determination and is closely linked with other underworld deities such as Ereshkigal. Her worship spanned western Hurrian regions and Mesopotamian cities, highlighting her significance in ancient religions.

Allani

Alphito is a supernatural Greek spirit used in apotropaic nursery tales to frighten children and enforce proper behaviour. She is associated with white flour and barley, reflecting her origins as a potential 'corn mother' or vegetation spirit. Later interpretations, such as those by Robert Graves, have linked her to the mythic archetype of the White Goddess.

Alphito

Anchanchu is a fearsome demon from Aymara mythology known for haunting dark, isolated locales and manifesting as both a red dog and a bald, pudgy older man. He serves as a supernatural gatekeeper over precious minerals, enforcing a strict ritual for access. His chilling nocturnal appearances instill terror among those who dare to traverse the Andean wilds after midnight.

Anchanchu

Angalo is a legendary creation giant from Ilocano mythology, believed to be the first man in pre-Hispanic Philippines. His colossal size allowed his head to reach the sky and his strides to span great distances. Through his mighty acts, he shaped the natural world, forming mountains, oceans, and celestial bodies.

Angalo

The Anthousai are Greek flower nymphs that embody the essence of blossoms and natural beauty. They are depicted with flowing hair resembling hyacinth flowers, symbolising their connection to flora. Renowned for their gentle and nurturing nature, they represent the rejuvenating spirit of the natural world.

Anthousai

The Aos Sí are a mysterious supernatural race in Irish folklore, often likened to fairies or elves. They reside in burial mounds that act as portals to an otherworldly realm. As descendants of the Tuatha Dé Danann, they embody both ancestral wisdom and nature’s elusive magic.

Aos Sí

Arakiel is a fallen angel and one of the 20 Watcher leaders mentioned in the Book of Enoch. He is known for teaching the forbidden 'signs of the earth' to humanity and for his complex role in both the corruption and salvation of souls. His name, meaning 'earth of God', reflects his deep connection to the elemental forces of the earth.

Arakiel

Archura is a shapeshifting woodland spirit from Turkic mythology, known for protecting wild animals and forests. It embodies a deep connection to nature by adapting its form to mirror its surroundings. Through its mystical presence, Archura serves as a guardian of the natural world.

Archura

Artemis is the ancient Greek goddess of the hunt, wilderness, and childbirth. Revered as an immortal protector of nature and youth, she embodies both nurturing care and formidable retribution. Often depicted wielding a bow and arrow, she remains a timeless symbol of chastity and divine intervention.

Artemis

Âu Cơ is an immortal mountain snow goddess from the Vietnamese creation myth. She is celebrated as the progenitor of the Vietnamese people through her union with Lạc Long Quân. Her legacy as a nurturing mother underpins her revered status in Vietnamese culture.

Âu Cơ

Bai Baianai is a revered Yakut spirit of the forest and animals, serving as the guardian and patron of hunters. She is invoked for ensuring safe, bountiful hunts and for protecting children in various cultural traditions. Her presence reinforces the natural order and the continuity of lineage within Yakut mythology.

Bai Baianai

Black Annis is a fearsome bogeyman from English folklore, depicted as a blue-faced hag with iron claws. She haunts the countryside of Leicestershire, preying on children and lambs. Her eerie legend, which includes dwelling in a cave carved from a sandstone cliff, has long served as a cautionary tale.

Black Annis

Boginka are female nature spirits or demons in Polish pagan mythology. They are depicted either as ugly old hags or as beautiful, naked young girls. Often malevolent, they are notorious for abducting human children and replacing them with changelings.

Boginka

Britomartis is a Greek goddess of mountains and hunting, primarily worshipped on the island of Crete. Often identified as a mountain nymph, she is closely linked with the divine huntress Artemis and the 'invisible' Aphaea. Her enduring legacy extends into British literature, where the name Britomart inspired celebrated representations of military prowess.

Britomartis

The Cabeiri are an enigmatic group of chthonic deities from Greek mythology, revered in mystery cults throughout the Aegean. Their origins blend traditional Greek myth with pre‐Greek and other non‐Greek influences. As reputed offspring of Hephaestus and Cabeiro, they occupy a distinctive niche outside the standard Olympian pantheon.

Cabeiri

The Cailleach is a divine hag from Gaelic mythology, revered and feared for her command over winter and the natural landscape. Known as Beira, Queen of Winter, she heralds the arrival of storms and the bitter cold. Her mystique embodies both the creative and destructive forces inherent in nature.

Cailleach

Caipora is a mischievous forest guardian from the Tupi-Guarani mythology of Brazil. It is depicted as a small, dark-skinned native with a long red mane and a penchant for smoking a cigar. Renowned for misleading hunters and protecting forest animals, Caipora holds a revered place in Brazilian folklore.

Caipora

Calliste is a divine figure in Greek mythology known as 'the most beautiful', born to Triton and Libya of Egypt, and miraculously transformed from a clod of earth into an island granted to the Argonauts.

Earth Spirits